한국은 국방 분야에서도 진일보한 기술력을 선보이고 있다.
국군의 날 기념행사에는 세 종류의 견마로봇이 일반에 공개 됐다. 공개된 견마로봇은 국방과학연구소, 한국전자통신연구원, 삼성 탈레스, 현대 로템, FM전자(Future Man Electronics(주)) 등 21개의 정부 출연기관과 일반기업이 6년간 공동 개발로 이루어낸 기술이다. 이번 민관협력 과제에는 약 460억 원의 개발비가 투입됐다.
국방과학연구소의 한 관계자는 “군사사설 및 주요 민수시설에 감시 정찰하는 기능을 사람을 대신하여 수행할 수 있으며, 지뢰탐지 작전에 투입될 수도 있다” 라고 밝혔다.
국방과학연구소에 따르면 기술적인 측면에서는 시설감시경계로봇을 개발하여 운영중인 이스라엘의 “가디엄 (Guardium)” 로봇이나 미국의 “MDARS-E” (Multifunction Detection Assessment and Response-Exterior) 로봇보다도 우위에 있는 로봇이라고 한다.
“스텔스 기능이 구현되었고, 자율주행기능, 그리고 여러 대의 로봇을 동시에 다중으로 운용하는 기능과 이를 지원하는 Wibro-X(Extended) 확장 형 통신 기술, 다중로봇 통제기술은 세계최고의 수준이다,”라고 설명했다.
일상생활로 들어가 보자. 삼성전자의 탱고, LG전자의 로보킹과 같은 로봇 청소기가 귀찮은 바닥 청소를 사람 대신해주고, 한 가족이 로봇과 함께 게임을 즐기는 장면은 먼 미래의 모습이 아니다.
SK텔레콤이 개발한 펭귄 모양의 알버트는 무전기와 같은 통신기능뿐 아니라 교육 게임을 즐길 수 있는 다기능 교육용 로봇이다.
알버트를 개발한 SK텔레콤의 황은동 부장은 “가족들은 가게의 주인 역할을 하고, 알버트는 손님역할을 하며 장보기 보드게임을 통해 아이들이 자연스럽게 경제 개념을 배울 수 있습니다”라고 말했다.
황 부장은 또 “알버트는 반다이에서 나온 스마트 펫 같은 단순하고 제한된 움직임을 보이는 로봇과 다르다”라고 설명했다.
SK의 스마트 로봇 알버트는 안드로이드 스마트폰을 이용한 최초의 교육용 로봇이며 다양한 모바일 어플리케이션을 활용할 수 있는 장점이 있다.
스캐너 기능을 가진 펜으로 동화책을 본문을 찍으면 한국어 혹은 영어로 동화책을 읽어주는 기능이 있다. 실제 사람의 목소리로 녹음된 영어 동화책 내용이 알버트에서 흘러나온다. 난이도가 높은 단어는 알버트가 친절하게 설명을 해준다. 프랑스어, 스페인어 등 여러 가지 언어를 지원하는 어플리케이션 개발이 계획 중에 있다고 한다.
알버트의 배 아래쪽에는 두 개의 센서가 있다. 이 센서는 책이나 낱말카드에 세밀한 미로모양의 특수 프린팅 된 패턴을 읽을 수 있는 기능이 있으며, 카드에 그려진 그림이 무엇인지 알버트는 인식하고 그에 따른 행동과 말을 한다.
또한 그 스캐닝 기능은 알버트가 보드 위에서 자신의 위치를 인식 할 수 있도록 돕는다.
“스마트폰을 이용하기 때문에 알버트의 활용 범위는 무한하다”고 황 부장은 말했다.
혼자 사는 노인들을 모니터링 하는 실버케어 사업에 알버트를 이용할 수 있는 방안을 마련 중이라고 황 부장은 귀띔했다.
그는 “알버트의 콘텐트는 중소기업에서 공급 받기 때문에 일자리 창출, 상생협력에 교육 로봇 산업이 큰 도움이 된다”고 말했다.
“교육 로봇은 융합기기라 스마트포도 있고, 로봇도 있고, 콘텐츠도 있는데, 관할 부서가 없다”라고 밝히며, “정부가 콘텐츠 만드는 회사를 지원한다면 일자리 창출이 많이 되고, 중소기업이 수출도 할 수 있고 많은 도움일 될 것”이라고 정부의 하드웨어 중심의 정책을 꼬집었다.
Robots herald brave new world
Despite some concerns, robots seen complementing human activities rather than replacing them
By Kim Young-won
Sitting at the console of robotic surgery system da Vinci S at the Robot Training Center of Yonsei University Health System, urologist Rha Koon-ho was performing prostate removal surgery.
Peering into a viewer showing a 3-D image of the prostate and managing a controller with each hand, Rha remotely maneuvered tiny robotic arms mounted with surgical scissors and a pincer to cut away the prostate.
“Performing robot surgery is now like driving a car or playing a video game,” said Rha after wrapping up the hour-long surgery.
“Operations have become much easier for doctors and for patients, too,” said the doctor, who has performed more than 1,400 prostate removals and 300 operations for kidney cancer with the da Vinci S and Si robotic surgical systems.
“The next goal of surgical robot technology will be to develop an automated surgery robot, like a self-driving car.”
Some 10,000 robot-assisted operations for surgery, obstetrics, and urology have been performed at the hospital since 2005, around 1,500 a year. Even though Korean doctors’ robotic surgery skills are advanced, almost all robots used for the surgeries are produced by foreign firms such as Intuitive Surgical, the firm that makes the da Vinci models, because their domestic rivals still lag behind in technology.
But Rha saw a rosy future for Korean medical device makers, saying “Korea will be able to catch up with those rivals abroad within five years.”
Some large hospitals in Korea are expanding their use of robots from surgery to physiotherapy by introducing robot-assisted gait training systems.
Hyundai Heavy Industries, which entered the robotics business in 1984 and has produced industrial robots since 1997, began mass producing the first surgical robots in Korea last year.
Around 2.1 trillion won ($2 billion) worth of industrial and service robots were churned out last year, down 0.6 percent from 2011 due to decreased investment in manufacturing facilities and sluggish demand, according to government data to be released later this month.
The Korean robotics industry, however, has grown almost threefold in the five years since 2007, when it marked 750 billion won worth of robot production.
The domestic robotics industry has a high growth potential, according to Cho Yeong-hoon, general director of the Korea Association of Robot Industry, an institute representing the Korean robot industry.
“A wide range of robots, from those for space and deep-ocean explorations to wearable robots, are in development at robotics firms, institutes and universities.”
Government-led efforts to nurture the sector are also underway, including a comprehensive strategy beginning in 2005 for developing the robotics industry, and a special law to develop intelligent robots, the world’s first of its kind, passed in 2008.
The Korean government launched the first five-year plan for nurturing the robotics market in 2009 based on the special law, and is scheduled to complete work on the next five-year plan by the end of this year, which will be centered on collaboration between relevant government agencies and convergence of technologies from different industrial sectors, according to the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy.
Earlier this month, three types of manned and unmanned four-legged vehicles were unveiled to the public during a military parade celebrating the 65th Armed Forces Day.
The robots saw light after some six years of co-development by 21 government-funded research centers and private defense weapons makers including the Agency for Defense Development, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Samsung Thales, Hyundai Rotem and Future Man Electronics.
The alliance of government agencies and private firms spent 46 billion won on the project.
“The four-legged robots were developed for surveillance and reconnaissance missions,” said an official from the ADD, adding “They will also be able to be deployed for dangerous missions such as landmine detection.”
The vehicles have a technological edge over foreign mobile robots, including the U.S’ DMARS-E (Mobile Detection Assessment and Response System-Exterior) and Israel’s Guardium, according to the defense agency.
With the wireless-broadband technology and monitoring system, the robots can transport video images to a control center.
Some other technologies incorporated in the surveillance robots include a stealth system and autonomous driving system.
The use of Wi-Bro X (Extended) technology also allows control of multiple unmanned vehicles.
Robots in daily life
Robots are infiltrating people’s daily life as well. Automated robot vacuum cleaners, such as Tango made by Samsung Electronics and Roboking by LG Electronics, clean by themselves.
The penguin-like toy robot Albert, developed by SK Telecom, can be used in several ways, such as for simple walkie-talkie type communication and educational games.
One example is a shopping board game in which the educational robot acts as a customer and the family members as sellers.
“Parents can naturally teach their kids about money. And for those disabled children Albert can help them learn how to buy stuff while playing the game with their family,” said Hwang Eun-dong, senior manager of SK’s convergence business office.
“Albert is different from smart robots such as Smart Pet developed by Bandai, which could conduct simple and limited activities.”
SK’s smart robot is the first of its kind to run on the Android system which can operate various smartphone applications.
The educational robot reads books out loud, either in Korean or English, when a user points an electronic pen-type scanner on the pages, and will likely be expandable to other languages including French and Spanish.
Small sensors installed under Albert’s belly identify light gray labyrinthine patterns inscribed on cards or game boards and recognize what is printed on them.
The scanning technology helps the toy robot detect the location, too.
“Since the robot runs on Android smartphones, various types of mobile applications can be developed. That is, there is no limit to how the robot is used,” the SK official said.
Monitoring seniors who are living alone is among the applications in the works.
The educational robot business also helps create jobs and foster co-prosperity with SMEs and conglomerates as small and medium sized enterprises supply content and books.
“I hope the government supports the small firms in developing content for educational robots,” said Hwang, pointing out the lack of a government control tower in charge of the educational and service robot businesses.
“By moving its focus toward the two sectors and their related software businesses the government will be able to vitalize the mobile content market and increase employment.”
(
wone0102@heraldcorp.com)