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NASA announces new Mars mission

NASA picks another Mars flight to explore its core

This image provided by NASA shows an artist rendition of the proposed InSight (Interior exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) Lander. (AP-Yonhap News)
This image provided by NASA shows an artist rendition of the proposed InSight (Interior exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) Lander. (AP-Yonhap News)


WASHINGTON (AP) ― After driving all around Mars with four rovers, NASA wants to look deep into the guts of the red planet.

The space agency decided Monday to launch a relatively low-cost robotic lander in 2016 to check out what makes the Martian core so different from Earth’s.

NASA’s Discovery program picked a project called Insight over missions to a Saturn moon and a comet, drawing complaints from scientists who study other places in our solar system that NASA is too focused on Mars.

All three proposed missions were good, but the Mars one showed the best chance of making it within budget and on schedule, said NASA sciences chief John Grunsfeld. The missions cost no more than $425 million.

The Insight mission includes two instruments, one French and one German, that would examine the geology of Mars in depth. It would explore the core’s size, composition, temperature and wobble.

The interior of Mars is a mystery. It has no magnetic field, and scientists aren’t sure if the core is solid or liquid or even has frequent quakes like Earth.

“What kind of Mars quakes are there? How big is the core of Mars? Does it have remnants of a molten core like the Earth does?” asked Discovery program chief Lindley Johnson.

Geologists have been asking for this type of crucial information for decades, said H. Jay Melosh of Purdue University, who said it was about time a project like this was approved.

The mission will be run by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab. The California lab is basking in the success of the $2.5 billion Mars Curiosity rover, which is starting to explore the planet’s surface after a daring landing this month. Earlier this year, NASA pulled out of two Mars missions with the European Space Agency because it didn’t have the $1.4 billion for the proposed 2016 and 2018 mission.

NASA is still working on another possible Mars mission to replace the canceled ones with a decision later this month.

That’s just “too much emphasis on Mars in our current plans for planetary exploration,” said Carolyn Porco, a prominent scientist who studies Saturn and its moons. “Most of the solar system resides beyond the orbits of the asteroids. There is more to learn there about general planetary processes than on Mars ... Why more Mars?”

Mars beat out missions to explore Saturn’s moon Titan and its odd methane oceans and a mission to land on a comet as it nears the sun. Opponents of more Mars missions say that NASA hasn’t approved missions to the other outer planets or a comet since a Pluto mission was picked in 2001.



<관련 한글 기사>


‘화성 내부’ 비밀 밝혀내러 탐사선 또 간다


화성 탐사 로봇 큐리오시티를 착륙시킨 지 2주 만인 20일 미항 공우주국(NASA)이 새 화성 탐사 로봇 `인사이트'(InSight) 발사 계획을 발표했다.

MSNBC와 BBC 뉴스에 따르면 NASA는 현재 수성과 소행성 베스타에서 활동 중인 것과 같은 심부 탐사 로봇을 4억2천500만 달러를 들여 개발하기로 했다.

찰스 볼든 NASA 국장은 토성 위성 타이탄의 탄화수소 바다 탐사로봇과 혜성 표면 탐사 로봇 등 다른 2개 후보 프로젝트를 제치고 인사이트가 시행 대상으로 선정됐다고 발표하면서 앞으로 화성이 NASA의 최우선 연구 대상임을 분명히 밝혔다.

그는 "인사이트의 사업 계획이 선정됨으로써 우리는 화성의 신비를 파헤치고 유인 탐사대의 기초를 세울 것"이라고 말했다.

원래 GEM (Geophysical Monitoring Station•지질물리학 모니터링 기지)으로 알 려졌던 이 화성 심부 탐사로봇은 구체적인 탐사방식을 명시해 인사이트(INterior ex ploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport)로 새로 명명됐다.

인사이트 프로젝트는 지진 측정장비가 장착된 착륙 로봇을 통해 화성이 과거에 지구처럼 액체 상태의 핵을 갖고 있었는지, 화성에도 지구와 같은 판 구조가 있는지, 지구나 화성 같은 암석형 행성들이 어떻게 형성됐는지를 밝히는 것이다.

앞서 지난 1970년대 중반에도 화성에는 두 개의 바이킹 착륙 로봇이 배치됐으나 이들은 화성의 지진활동을 보여주는 이렇다 할 자료를 보내오지 못했다.

인사이트는 2016년 3월 발사돼 같은 해 9월 화성에 착륙할 예정이다.

착륙지는 아직 결정되지 않았으나 적도 부근의 평지가 될 것이라고 관계자들은 밝혔다.

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